Mian Muhammad Fazil was a Mughal nobleman of

Punjabi Muslim Punjabi Muslims ( pa, ) are adherents of Islam who identify linguistically, culturally, and genealogically as Punjabis. Primarily geographically native to the Punjab province of Pakistan today, many have ancestry in the entire Punjab region, ...

Arain Arain (also known as Raeen) are a large Punjabi agricultural tribe with strong political identity and organisation, found mainly in the Pakistani provinces of Punjab and Sindh with a small population in parts of Indian Punjab, Uttar Pradesh a ...

descent.

Biography

He was born the son of

Muhammad Amin Khan Turani Mian Muhammad Amin Khan Turani (died 28 January 1721), was the Grand Vizier of the Mughal Empire during the reign of the Mughal Emperor Muhammad Shah. He served the office for four months. He is known to have served the Mughal Emperor Aurangze ...

. At the close of the reign of the

Emperor Aurangzeb Muhi al-Din Muhammad (; – 3 March 1707), commonly known as ( fa, , lit=Ornament of the Throne) and by his regnal title Alamgir ( fa, , translit=ʿĀlamgīr, lit=Conqueror of the World), was the sixth emperor of the Mughal Empire, ruling ...

he was able to obtain satisfactory rank and was titled as Qamarudin Khan. In the reign of the Emperor

Furrukhsiyar Farrukhsiyar or Farrukh Siyar () (20 August 16839 April 1719) was the tenth Mughal emperors, emperor of the Mughal Empire from 1713 to 1719. He rose to the throne after assassinating his uncle, Emperor Jahandar Shah. Reportedly a handsome man ...

he was appointed as ''Bakshi of Ahadis'' and later led an expedition against the sikhs along with Abdus Samad Khan Diler Jang. In the beginning of the reign of the Emperor

Muhammad Shah Mirza Nasir-ud-Din Muḥammad Shah (born Roshan Akhtar; 7 August 1702 – 26 April 1748) was the 13th Mughal emperor, who reigned from 1719 to 1748. He was son of Khujista Akhtar, the fourth son of Bahadur Shah I. After being chosen by the ...

, (sometime after the killing of Hussain Ali Khan under his father's direction), he repealed an assault on Imperial troops and showed immense valour. For which he was bestowed a mansab of 6000, the office of second

Bakshi Bakshi may refer to: Indian title Bakshi is a historical title used in India, deriving from Persian word for "paymaster", and originating as the title of an official responsible for distributing wages in Muslim armies. * Bakshi Ghulam Mohamma ...

(His father's former appointment which became vacant upon his resignation) and the position of "''Darogah e Ghusl Khana''". At the death of his father, Muhammad Amin Khan, who was then serving as Grand Vizier was replaced by Nizam al Mulk Qamar-ud-din Asaf Jah I who was summoned to court, Qamar Ud Din Khan was further elevated in rank and granted his father's title of Itimad ud Daula. Later

Asaf Jah The Asaf Jahi was a Muslim dynasty that ruled the Kingdom of Hyderabad. The family came to India in the late 17th century and became employees of the Mughal Empire. They were great patrons of Persian culture, language, and literature, the fami ...

found the court atmosphere to be too hedonistic and debauched for his personal liking and subsequently resigned from the office of Grand Vizier. Upon which the office of grand vizier came to Qamar Ud Din Khan. His reign as Grand Vizier was largely un-eventful, and he enjoyed his office with happiness except for some excursions against the Marathas in the Malwa subah. Along with another occasion in which he marched with

Safdar Jang Abul Mansur Mirza Muhammad Muqim Ali Khan (c. 1708 – 5 October 1754), better known as Safdar Jang, was a major figure at the Mughal court during the declining years of the Mughal Empire. He became the second Nawab of Awadh when he succeeded S ...

, Umdat al Mulk and the Emperor Muhammad Shah against Ali Mohammad Khan Rohilla. However, upon finding Ali Mohammad Khan to be a suitable check against Safdar Jang whom he despised. Qamar-ud-din Khan helped Ali find employment in Imperial Services and helped his rehabilitation and eventual appointment as governor of Sirhind. A son of his was further engaged to a daughter of Nawab Ali Mohammad Khan.

Death

He led an army against

Ahmed Shah Abdali Ahmad Shāh Durrānī ( ps, احمد شاه دراني; prs, احمد شاه درانی), also known as Ahmad Shāh Abdālī (), was the founder of the Durrani Empire and is regarded as the founder of the modern Afghanistan. In July 1747, Ahma ...

and while encamped and praying, he was struck by a cannon ball causing his death.

Personality

He was generally regarded as a "lover of comfort" with a "pleasant disposition" and generally liked by both the higher and lower rungs of society. He did not agree in harming anyone and to that extent he compensated owners whose properties had been confiscated by his oppressive father. Those who did not agree with the suitable compensation had their property returned. He was polite and courteous to the extent that whenever Qamarudin Asaf Jah I visited Delhi, he would get up to greet him in respect of the latter's age and despite his own office as Grand Vizier.

Gallery

{{Gallery , title = Depictions of Itimad-ad-Daula, Qamar-ud-Din Khan , align = , footer = , style = , state = , height = , width = , captionstyle = , File:Qamaruddine Khan.jpg , alt1= , An elderly Qamar-ud-Din Khan , File:The vizier Qamar ud-Din circa 1735 Bibliothèque nationale de France, Paris.jpg , alt2= , Qamar-ud-Din Khan , File: , alt3= , Write a caption here , File: , alt4= , Write a caption here , File: , alt5= , Write a caption here

References

Grand viziers of the Mughal Empire Mughal nobility 1748 deaths Year of birth missing